Applications of artificial intelligence in hospital quality management: a review of digital strategies in healthcare settings

Rosa Elgiba García-García

doi:10.51252/rcsi.v5i2.928

Autores/as

Rosa Elgiba García-García Universidad César Vallejo

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51252/rcsi.v5i2.928

Palabras clave:

apoyo a decisiones clínicas, automatización de procesos, eficiencia hospitalaria, predicción de riesgos, resultados en pacientes, transformación digital

Resumen

Este estudio analiza la aplicación de la inteligencia artificial (IA) en la mejora de la gestión de la calidad hospitalaria mediante una revisión sistemática de 31 artículos científicos indexados en Scopus. Se empleó una metodología exploratoria con criterios de selección basados en actualidad, relevancia temática y rigor metodológico. La investigación identifica las principales aplicaciones de la IA en la automatización de procesos clínicos y administrativos, el soporte a la toma de decisiones médicas, la mejora del triaje, y la detección de eventos adversos. Entre las tecnologías más utilizadas destacan el aprendizaje automático, las redes neuronales profundas, los sistemas expertos y el procesamiento de lenguaje natural. Los resultados muestran mejoras cuantificables en la eficiencia operativa, la precisión diagnóstica, la seguridad del paciente y la planificación estratégica en hospitales. No obstante, se identifican desafíos importantes relacionados con la interoperabilidad de sistemas, la calidad de los datos, la capacitación del personal y las implicancias éticas en la toma de decisiones automatizadas. Se concluye que la IA constituye una herramienta clave para avanzar hacia modelos hospitalarios más inteligentes y centrados en la calidad, aunque su adopción requiere estrategias integrales que aborden sus barreras técnicas y normativas para asegurar una implementación ética, segura y sostenible.

Citas

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