Evaluación de la sostenibilidad socioeconómica y ecológica de los sistemas de producción orgánica y convencional del café en la cuenca del Cumbaza
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https://doi.org/10.51252/reacae.v2i1.450Palabras clave:
agricultura tradicional, caficultura sustentable, factores productivos del caféResumen
En San Martin, el café es uno de los principales productos agrícolas para el mercado mundial; sin embargo, la producción enfrenta problemas y desafíos sociales, ambientales, ecológicos y económicos, que lo colocan en un nivel de alta vulnerabilidad productiva. El objetivo fue evaluar la sostenibilidad socioeconómica y ecológica de los sistemas orgánicos y convencionales del café. Se realizó en la cuenca del río Cumbaza, cordillera escalera, en las comunidades nativas Aviación, Chiricyacu y Chinchiwi. Las mediciones de indicadores socioeconómicos fueron realizadas mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas. Se construyeron índices de 0 a 10, para cada indicador, a partir de valores y referencias, los que están relacionados a niveles de sostenibilidad. El sistema de producción orgánica certificada, presentó mayor sostenibilidad económica para los diferentes indicadores: precio, mercado, margen bruto/ha, productividad del trabajo y relación beneficio costo. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los tratamientos para los indicadores: productividad del café, costo de producción y costo unitario. El sistema de producción orgánica certificada mostró mayor sostenibilidad socioeconómica que el sistema convencional, debido principalmente al más alto precio del café.
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Derechos de autor 2023 Segundo Dario Maldonado-Vásquez, Aquilino García-Bautista, Luis Alberto Ordóñez-Sánchez, Jaime Walter Alvarado-Ramírez, Enrique Arévalo-Gardini
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
