Phytoremediation Effectiveness in Contaminated Soils Using Phaseolus vulgaris L. and Zea mays L.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51252/reacae.v4i1.903Keywords:
biomass, copper, metals, lead, soilsAbstract
The effectiveness of Phaseolus vulgaris L. and Zea mays L. for the phytoremediation of contaminated soils in Cuñumbuqui, San Martín, Peru, was evaluated. Four treatments were used: T1 (agricultural soil with P. vulgaris), T2 (agricultural soil with Z. mays), T3 (contaminated soil with P. vulgaris), and T4 (contaminated soil with Z. mays), with a completely randomized experimental design and a 100-day period in pots under controlled conditions. The concentrations of copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd) in both soil and plants, along with biometric parameters, were measured. Results showed that P. vulgaris in T3 accumulated up to 11.47 mg/kg of copper, while Z. mays in T4 accumulated 5.32 mg/kg of lead. Both crops exhibited low cadmium accumulation. In terms of growth, P. vulgaris reached 42.3 cm in height and 14.6 g of dry weight in T3, whereas Z. mays in T4 performed better, reaching 85.7 cm and 27.3 g. The treatments in contaminated soils were more effective than the agricultural controls, demonstrating that P. vulgaris and Z. mays are viable options for phytoremediation, with P. vulgaris excelling in copper removal and Z. mays in lead accumulation.
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